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Nmap: Network Mapper - 强大的网络发现与安全审计工具
Nmap is a free and open-source utility for network discovery and security auditing. It uses raw IP packets in novel ways to determine what hosts are available on the network, what services (application name and version) those hosts are offering, what operating systems (and OS versions) they are running, what type of packet filters/firewalls are in use, and dozens of other characteristics. It is widely used by network administrators for network inventory, managing service upgrade schedules, and monitoring host or service uptime, as well as by security professionals.
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Added on 2025年7月2日11,304
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LanguageProject Introduction
Summary
Nmap ('Network Mapper') is a robust, open-source network scanner designed to rapidly scan large networks, although it works fine against single hosts. It is a powerful tool for network exploration, security auditing, and vulnerability analysis, offering a wide array of features and options for diverse scanning tasks.
Problem Solved
Nmap addresses the fundamental need to understand what's running on a network. It solves problems related to network inventory, security posture assessment, identifying open services, detecting vulnerabilities, and troubleshooting network issues by providing detailed information about hosts and services.
Core Features
Host Discovery
Quickly identify live hosts on a network and map the network topology.
Port Scanning
Determine open ports, filtered ports, and closed ports on target hosts. Supports various scanning techniques.
Service Detection
Identify service types and versions listening on open ports.
Operating System Detection
Estimate the operating system and version running on target hosts.
Nmap Scripting Engine (NSE)
Powerful scripting engine allowing automated tasks like vulnerability detection, advanced discovery, and more.
Tech Stack
C
C++
Lua (for NSE)
Networking Protocols (TCP, UDP, IP, etc.)
使用场景
Nmap is used across various domains for understanding network infrastructure and assessing its security posture.
场景一：网络设备发现与映射
Details
Scanning a network segment to identify all active devices and their assigned IP addresses.
User Value
Provides a clear picture of the network layout and active hosts for documentation or management.
场景二：安全审计与漏洞扫描
Details
Performing port scans on servers or firewalls to identify open ports and the services running on them.
User Value
Helps identify potential entry points or misconfigured services that could be exploited, enhancing network security.
场景三：自动化安全任务
Details
Using the Nmap Scripting Engine to automate tasks like checking for specific vulnerabilities, brute-forcing services, or advanced service version detection.
User Value
Extends Nmap's capabilities for specific security checks and streamlines repetitive testing procedures.
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